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Charles Dickens是什么意思
Charles Dickens
[英][tʃɑ:lz ˈdikinz][美][tʃɑrlz ˈdɪkɪnz]
查尔斯·狄更斯;
例句:
1.
The great english novelist charles dickens used exactly the same technique.
伟大的英语小说家查尔斯-狄更斯用的也正是同一手法。
2.
Two memorable characters from charles dickens, micawber and the young copperfield.
狄更斯小说中两个令人难忘的人物：米考伯和年轻的科波菲尔。
英国小说家查尔斯。狄更斯（charles dickens）个人简介
狄更斯（1812～1870）
Dickens，Charles
英国作家。1812年2月7日生于朴次茅斯市郊，1870年6月9日卒于罗切斯特附近的盖茨山庄。
生平 少年时因家庭生活窘迫，只能断断续续入校求学。后被迫到工场作童工。15岁以后，当过律师事务所学徒、录事和法庭记录员。20岁开始当报馆采访员，报道下议院。1836年开始发表《鲍兹随笔》，这是一部描写伦敦街头巷尾日常生活的特写集。同年，陆续发表连载小说《匹克威克外传》，数期后便引起轰动。这是一部流浪汉小说形式的幽默作品，漫画式地反映了英国现实生活。《匹克威克外传》初获成功后，狄更斯与凯瑟琳结婚，并专门从事长篇连载小说的创作。
创作 一生共创作长篇小说13部半，其中多数是近百万言的大部头作品，中篇小说20余部，短篇小说数百篇，特写集一部，长篇游记两部，《儿童英国史》一部，以及大量演说词 、书信 、散文、杂诗。他多次去欧洲大陆游历、旅居，两次访问美国 ，中年以后先后创办《家常话》和《一年四季》期刊两种，发现和培养了一批文学新人。
狄更斯生活和创作的时间，正是19世纪中叶维多利亚女王时代前期。狄更斯毕生的活动和创作，始终与时代潮流同步。他主要以写实笔法揭露社会上层和资产阶级的虚伪、贪婪、卑琐、凶残，满怀激愤和深切的同情展示下层社会，特别是妇女、儿童和老人的悲惨处境，并以严肃、审慎的态度描写开始觉醒的劳苦大众的抗争。与此同时，他还以理想主义和浪漫主义的豪情讴歌人性中的真、善、美，憧憬更合理的社会和更美好的人生。
狄更斯早期的小说，气势宏伟，通俗流畅，幽默泼辣而又充满感伤情调，其中对社会的揭露批判，一般只限于局部的制度和领域。如《奥列佛·特维斯特》、《尼古拉斯·尼克尔贝》、《老古玩店》、《马丁·朱述尔维特》、《圣诞欢歌》等。
从《当贝父子》以后，狄更斯的创作更为成熟。这部小说通过当贝先生与儿子保罗、女儿弗洛伦斯的关系，探讨了财势对人类美好天性的侵蚀，体现了作家对人类社会前途的忧患感。狄更斯的重要代表作《大卫·科波菲尔》进一步深入探索人生的奋斗历程，具有自传性，是反映19世纪中叶英国中下层社会的长幅画卷。主人公大卫是当时社会中为善良而奋斗、坚持正义的中产阶级青年的楷模。《荒凉山庄》、《艰难时世》、《小杜丽》是3部政治意识很强的重头作品。《荒凉山庄》以错综复杂的情节揭露英国法律制度和司法机构的黑暗；《艰难时世》直接描写罢工斗争，是对英国宪章运动的策应；《小杜丽》详尽描绘了负债人的监狱生活，同时也更为深入地揭露了英国官僚制度和机构的冗繁、腐朽。
狄更斯的后期作品明显地反映出创作主题的不断深化、技艺方面的成熟和多方面的探索。《远大前程》可以视为《大卫·科波菲尔》的负面，但探讨人生道路方面更有现实性和警世性，而作者早年的乐观态度明显减少。主人公匹普也是孤儿，但经不起环境的诱惑丧失了原有的淳朴天性，经历严酷的磨难后才翻然悔悟，重新生活，整个小说在结构上也更精练。《我们共同的朋友》是又一部广泛深入社会的批判小说，其中所包含的人性探索和生活哲理也更见深刻，作品运用的象征主义和侦探小说手法更增添其艺术魅力。狄更斯最后一部小说《埃德温·德鲁德之谜》虽仅完成23章，从中也可见其精雅文笔、严谨构思以及诱人的悬念和神秘色彩。
狄更斯的小说作品中，早期的《巴纳贝·拉吉》和后期的《双城记》是历史小说。《巴纳贝·拉吉》以18世纪末英国清教徒反对天主教统治的高登暴动为背景；《双城记》以法国大革命为背景。两部小说同样具有明显的讽喻性和警戒性，旨在说明不合理的制度和统治必定导致人民奋起反抗，而奋起的群众(狄更斯称之为“暴民”)犹如洪水猛兽，会一发而不可收拾，形成巨大的非理性破坏力量。两部小说无疑都代表了狄更斯的改良主义立场和悲观主义历史观，而《双城记》中以牺牲自己生命换取自己所爱女子的幸福的西德尼卡尔登，是狄更斯最高道德理想的化身，也是他的小说中反复颂扬的高尚情操的终曲。从这两部小说栩栩如生的描述、扣人心弦的情节，可以发现历史小说家司各特的明显影响。尤其是《双城记》，笔墨精雅深奥、结构简练完美、悬念重重设置以及对人生哲理和人物潜意识活动方面富有创造性的探索，历来被认为是狄更斯的最佳小说之一。
影响 狄更斯以其小说创作篇幅宏大，气势磅礴，内容包罗万象，风格雅俗共赏、丰富多采，生前即已饮誉国内外，是英国19世纪小说繁荣时期最杰出的代表作家，影响遍及欧美以及世界各国。他的作品以及根据这些作品演化而成的各种通俗、儿童读物和娱乐节目在世界范围内流传更广。在中国，早在20世纪初林纾等人就翻译过狄更斯的小说，许多优秀名作都有了中文译本。
雾都孤儿
Oliver Twist
一、英国作家狄更斯的名著。
关于狄更斯和他的小说艺术，心里早有一些想法，趁写这篇前言之便，说出来，就正于广大狄更斯爱好者。
《雾都孤儿》是狄更斯第二部长篇小说。这位年仅二十五岁的小说家决心学习英国现实主义画家威廉•荷加斯（William Hogarth,1697一1764）的榜样，勇敢地直面人生，真实地表现当时伦敦贫民窟的悲惨生活。他抱着一个崇高的道德意图：抗议社会的不公，并唤起社会舆论，推行改革，使处于水深火热中的贫民得到救助。正因为如此，狄更斯历来被我国及前苏联学者界定为“英国文学上批判现实主义的创始人和最伟大的代表”。对此，我有一些不同的见解：文学艺术是一种特殊的社会意识形态，它必然是社会存在的反映。但是，我们决不能把反映现实的文学都说成是现实主义文学，把“现实主义”的外延无限扩展。事实上，作家运用的创作方法多种多样，因人而异，这和作家的特殊气质和性格特点密切相关。狄更斯的创作，想象力极为丰富，充满诗的激情，他着意渲染自己的道德理想，处处突破自然的忠实临摹，借用一句歌德的话：它比自然高了一层。这和萨克雷、特洛罗普等坚持的客观。冷静、严格写实的方法有显著的区别。
试以《雾都孤儿》为例，（一）个性化的语言是狄更斯在人物塑造上运用得十分出色的一种手段。书中的流氓、盗贼、妓女的语言都切合其身份，甚至还用了行业的黑话。然而，狄更斯决不作自然主义的再现，而是进行加工、提炼和选择，避免使用污秽、下流的话语。主人公奥立弗语言规范、谈吐文雅，他甚至不知偷窃为何物。他是在济贫院长大的孤儿，从未受到良好的教育，所接触的都是罪恶累累、堕落不堪之辈，他怎么会讲这么好的英文呢？这用“人是一切社会关系总和”的历史唯物主义观点是无法解释的。可见，狄更斯着力表现的是自己的道德理想，而不是追求完全的逼真。（二）在优秀的现实主义小说中，故事情节往往是在环境作用下的人物性格发展史，即高尔基所说的“某种性格、典型的成长和构成的历史”。然而，狄更斯不拘任何格套，想要多少巧合就安排多少巧合。奥立弗第一次跟小偷上街，被掏兜的第一人恰巧就是他亡父的好友布朗罗。第二次，他在匪徒赛克斯的劫持下入室行窃，被偷的恰好是他亲姨妈露丝•梅莱家。这在情理上无论如何是说不过去的。但狄更斯自有天大的本领，在具体的细节描写中充满生活气息和激情，使你读时紧张得喘不过气来，对这种本来是牵强的、不自然的情节也不得不信以为真。这就是狄更斯的艺术世界的魅力。（三）狄更斯写作时，始终有一种“感同身受的想象力”（Sympathetic imagination），即使对十恶不赦的人物也一样。书中贼首、老犹太费金受审的一场始终从费金的心理视角出发。他从天花板看到地板，只见重重叠叠的眼睛都在注视着自己。他听到对他罪行的陈述报告，他把恳求的目光转向律师，希望能为他辩护几句。人群中有人在吃东西，有人用手绢扇风，还有一名青年画家在画他的素描，他心想：不知道像不像，真想伸过脖子去看一看……一位绅士出去又进来，他想：准是吃饭去了，不知吃的什么饭？看到铁栏杆上有尖刺，他琢磨着：这很容易折断。从此又想到绞刑架，这时，他听到自己被处绞刑。他只是喃喃地说，自己岁数大了，大了，接着就什么声音也发不出来了。在这里，狄更斯精心选择了一系列细节，不但描绘了客观事物，而且切入了人物的内心世界，表现了他极其丰富的想象力。他运用的艺术方法，不是“批判现实主义”所能概括的。我倒是赞赏英国作家、狄更斯专家乔治•吉辛（George Giss－ing，1857—1903）的表述，他把狄更斯的创作方法称为“浪漫的现实主义”（romantic realism）。我认为这一表述才够准确，才符合狄更斯小说艺术的实际。
书摘：
“麻烦！”奥立弗大声说道，“噢！亲爱的小姐，我要是能替你干活就好了。只要能让你高兴，替你浇花或者是看着你的鸟儿，要不就整天跑上跑下逗你开心，怎么都行。”
“完全用不着怎么样，”梅莱小姐笑盈盈地说，“以前我跟你讲过，我们有的是事情让你干。那怕你只能做到你答应的一半那么多，你就真的让我非常开心了。”
“开心，小姐。”奥立弗叫了起来，“你这么说，你的心真好。”
“我不知该有多高兴呢，”少女答道，“一想到我亲爱的好姑妈出了力，把一个人从你向我们描述的那种可悲的苦难中解救出来，这对于我就是一种难以形容的欢乐。又知道她关怀同情的对象也真心诚意地知恩图报，你真的无法想象我有多么高兴。你懂我的意思吗？”她注视着奥立弗沉思的面容，问道。
“呃，是的，小姐，我懂。”奥立弗急切地回答，“可我在想，我已经有点忘恩负义了。”
“对谁？”少女问道。
“那位好心的绅士啊，还有那位亲爱的老阿妈，他们过去对我可好呢，”奥立弗答道，“要是他们知道我现在多么幸福的话，他们一定很高兴，我敢保证。”
“他们一定会高兴的，”奥立弗的女恩人说道，“罗斯伯力先生真是个好人，他答应，一旦你身体好起来，能够出门旅行，他就带你去看看他们。”
“是吗，小姐？”奥立弗高兴得容光焕发，不禁大叫了一声。“等我再一次看到他们的慈祥面容的时候，真不知道会乐成什么样子。”
奥立弗的身体不久就恢复得差不多了，能够经受一次远行的劳顿。果不其然，一天清晨，他和罗斯伯力先生乘上梅莱太太的小马车出发了。车到杰茨桥的时候，奥立弗脸色变得煞白，发出一声高喊。
“这孩子怎么啦？”大夫照例又紧张起来，大声问道，“你是不是看见了什么——听见了什么——感觉到了什么——哦？”
“那里，先生，”奥立弗一边喊，一边从车窗里指出去，“那所房子。”
“是啊，那有什么关系？停车。在这里停一下，”大夫嚷道，“宝贝儿，那房子怎么了，唔？”
“那些贼——他们带我去的就是那所房子。”奥立弗低声说道。
“让它见鬼去！”大夫喊道，“啊哈，在那儿呢！我要下车！”
然而，车夫还没来得及从座位上跳下来，大夫已经想办法从马车里爬了出去。他跑到那所废弃的房子跟前，开始踢门，跟一个疯子似地。
“喂喂？”一个委琐丑恶的驼背汉子猛地把门打开，说道。大夫由于最后一脚用力过猛，险些跌进了过道。“出了什么事？”
“什么事！”这一位大吼一声，不假思索地揪住那人的衣领。“事多着呢。打劫的事。”
“还会出杀人的事呢，”驼背汉子冷冷地答道，“你要是不丢手的话。你听见没有？”
“问我听见没有，”大夫说着，给了俘虏一阵猛抖。“在哪儿——他妈的那家伙，叫什么来着——赛克斯，对了，赛克斯在哪儿，你这个贼？”
驼背汉子瞪大了眼睛，似乎无比惊诧无比愤慨的样子，随后便灵巧地挣脱大夫的手，咆哮着发出一阵可怕的诅咒，往屋子里退去。不过，他还没来得及关上房门，大夫已经二话不说，闯进了一间屋子。他焦急地看了看四周：没有一件家具，没有一样东西，不管是有生命的还是无生命的，能和奥立弗的描绘对得上，连那只食品柜的位置也不对。
“喂，”驼背汉子一直严密注视着大夫，这时说道，“你这么蛮不讲理闯进我家，打算干什么？你是想抢我呢，还是想杀了我？是哪一种啊？”
“你莫非见到过一个人乘双驾马车出门杀人抢东西，你这个可笑的老吸血鬼？”生性急躁的大夫说。
“那你想干什么？”驼背问道，“你再不出去，可别怪我不客气了！滚你的！”
“我认为合适的时候会走的，”罗斯伯力先生一边说，一边朝另一个房间望去，那个房间和前边那间一样，完全不像奥立弗说的样子。“总有一天我会查到你的底细，我的朋友。”
“你行吗？”丑恶的驼子冷冷一笑。“随你什么时候找我，我都在这儿，我在这地方住了二十五年了，一没有发疯，二不是就我一个人，还怕你？你会付出代价的，你会付出代价的。”说着，矮小的丑八怪发出一阵嚎叫，在地上又蹦又跳，像是气得失去了常态。
“真够愚蠢的，这也，”大大暗自说道，“那孩子准是弄错了。喏，把这放进你的口袋，重新把你自个儿关起来吧。”随着这番话，他扔给驼背一张钞票，便回马车上去了。
驼背汉子尾随着来到车门前，一路发出无数最最野蛮的诅咒与怒骂。然而，就在罗斯伯力先生转身和车夫说话时，他探头朝马车里边望去，刹那间瞧了奥立弗一眼，目光是那样犀利，咄咄逼人，同时又是那样凶狠，充满敌意，奥立弗在后来的几个月里，不管是醒来的时候还是睡着了，都始终忘不了。直到车夫回到座位上，那汉子还在不停地破口大骂。他们重新踏上旅途，这时还可以看见他在后边跺脚，扯头发，不知是真是假地暴跳如雷。
“我真是个笨蛋，”大夫沉默了很久才说道，“你以前知道吗，奥立弗？”
“不知道，先生。”
“那下一回可别忘了。”
“一个笨蛋，”大夫再度陷入沉默，过了几分钟他又说道，“就算地方找对了，而且就是那帮家伙，我单枪匹马，又能怎么样？就算有帮手，我看也得不到什么结果，只会让我自己出丑，还不得不供出我把此事遮掩过去的经过。总之，我真是活该。我老是一时性起，搞得自己左右为难。这事应该给我一点教训才对。”
事实上，这位出色的医生一辈子办事都是凭一时冲动，这里可以对支配他的种种冲动说一句不带恶意的恭维活，他非但从来没有被卷进任何特别麻烦或者倒霉的事情中去，反而从所有认识他的人那里得到极为真诚的推崇和敬重。实事求是讲，眼下他是有一点生气，有一两分钟时间感到失望，他很想拿到有关奥立弗身世的确切证据，哪知遇到的头一个机会就落空了。不过，他很快又恢复了常态，发现奥立弗在答复自己的盘问时依然老老实实，前后吻合，显然和以往一样真诚坦率。他打定主意，从今以后完全相信他的话。
因为奥立弗知道布朗罗先生居住的街名，他们可以照直开到那儿去。马车折进了那条街，他的心剧烈地跳起来，几乎喘不过气。
“说吧，我的孩子，是哪一所房子？”罗斯伯力先生问道。
“那一所。那一所。”奥立弗一边回答，一边急迫从车窗里往外指点着。“那所白房子。呃，快呀。开快一点。我觉得自己好像要死了，身上老是哆嗦。”
“到啦，到啦。”好心的大夫拍了拍他的肩膀，说道，“你马上就要看见他们了，他们见到你安然无事，肯定会喜出望外的。”
“呃！我就巴望那样！”奥立弗大声说道，“他们对我真好，非常非常好。”
马车朝前开去，停下了。不，不是这所房子，隔壁才是。车又开了几步，重新停了下来。奥立弗抬头望着那些窗户，几颗泪珠饱含着欢乐的期待滚下面颊。
天啦！白色的房子空空如也，窗扉上贴着一张招贴：“出租”。
“敲敲邻居的门看。”罗斯伯力先生大声说，一边挽住奥立弗的胳臂。“您知道不知道，过去住在隔壁的布朗罗先生上哪儿去了？”
邻家的女仆不知道，但愿意回去问一问。她不一会就回来了，说六个星期之前，布朗罗先生已经变卖了物品，到西印度群岛去了。奥立弗十指交叉，身子往后一仰，瘫倒在地。
“他的管家也走了？”罗斯伯力先生犹豫了一下，问道。
“是的，先生，”女仆回答，“老先生，管家，还有一位绅士是布朗罗先生的朋友，全都一块儿走了。”
“那就掉头回家吧，”罗斯伯力先生对车夫说，“你不要停下来喂马，等开出这该死的伦敦城再说。”
“去找那位书摊掌柜，好不好，先生？”奥立弗说道，“我认识上那儿去的路。去见见他，求求您了，先生。去见见他吧。”
“我可怜的孩子，这一天已经够令人失望的了，”大夫说，“我们俩都受够了。如果我们去找那个书摊掌柜，保准会发现他死掉了，要不就是放火烧了自家的房子，或者溜之大吉了。不，这就直接回家。”在大夫的一时冲动之下，他们便回家去了。
这一次大失所望的寻访发生在奥立弗满心欢喜的时刻，搞得他非常惋惜、伤心。患病期间，他无数次高高兴兴地想到，布朗罗先生和贝德温太太将要向他讲些什么，自己也会向他们讲述，有多少个漫长的日日夜夜，他都是在回忆他们替他做的那些事，痛惜自己与他们给生拉活扯地拆散了，能向他们讲述这一切该是多么惬意。总有一天能在他们面前洗去自己身上的污垢，说清自己是如何横遭绑架的，这个希望激励着他，支持着他熬过了最近的一次次考验。现在，他们到那么远的地方去了，带着他是一个骗子兼强盗的信念走了——他们的这个信念，也许一直到自己离开尘世之日也无法辩解了——他几乎承受不了这样的想法。
然而，这种情况丝毫也没有改变他的几位恩人的态度。又是两个星期过去了，温暖、晴好的天气开始稳定，花草树木长出了嫩绿的叶片和鲜艳的繁花，这时，他们作好了准备，要离开杰茨的这所房子几个月。他们把曾经使费金垂涎三尺的餐具送到银行寄存起来，留下凯尔司和另一个仆人看房子，带着奥立弗到远处一所乡村别墅去了。
这个羸弱的孩子来到一个内地的乡村，呼吸着芬芳的空气，置身于青山密林之中，谁能描述他感受到的快乐、喜悦、平和与宁静啊！又有谁能说出，祥和宁静的景色是怎样映入固守闹市的人们的脑海，又是如何将它们本身具有的活力深深地注入他们疲惫不堪的心田！人们居住在拥挤狭窄的街上，一生劳碌，从未想到过换换环境——习惯的的确确成了他们的第二天性，他们几乎可以说爱上了组成他们日常漫步的狭小天地的一砖一石——即便是他们，当死神向他们伸出手来的时候，最终也会幡然醒悟，渴望看一眼大自然的容颜。他们一旦远离旧日喜怒哀乐的场面，似乎立刻进入了一个崭新的天地。日复一日，他们缓缓走向充满阳光的绿色草地，一看到天空、山丘、平原和湖光水影，他们便在内心唤醒了记忆，只须预先品尝一下天国的滋味便可抚平飞速衰朽的痛苦，他们像西下的落日一样平静地进入自己的坟墓，几个小时以前，他们还曾孤独地守在卧室窗日，望着落日余晖慢慢消失在自己暗淡无光的眼睛里。宁静的山乡唤起的记忆不属于这个世界，也不属于这个世界的意志与希望。这些回忆会温和地感染我们，教会我们如何编织鲜艳的花环，放在我们所爱的那些人的坟前；能净化我们的思想，压倒旧日的嫌隙怨恨。可是在这一切之下，在每一颗心灵中就算是最麻木的心灵，一个模糊不清、尚未完全成形的意识，很久以前，在某个相隔遥远的时刻，就有过这种感觉的意识，始终流连不去，启迪人们庄重地瞩目遥远的未来，将傲慢与俗念压在它的下边。（第32章）
小说在线阅读：http://www.tianyabook.com/waiguo2005/d/digengsi/wdge/index.html
查尔斯狄更斯英文简介
查尔斯狄更斯，英国作家。他的作品对英国文学发展起到了深远的影响。下面是我给大家整理的查尔斯狄更斯英文简介，供大家参阅! 查尔斯狄更斯简介 Charles Dickens, full name Charles John Heifam Dickens (English name: Charles John Huffam Dickens, February 7, 1812 - June 9, 1870), British writer. The main works are "David Copperfield" "Pickwick rumor" "fog are orphans" "old antique shop" "hard times" "our common friend" "Tale of Two Cities" and so on. Dickens was born on February 7, 1812 in the suburbs of Portsmouth, was born in the Navy staff family, juvenile family life because of distress, only intermittent school. After being forced to work in the factory to do child labor. After 15 years old, became a law firm apprentice, record and court scorer. 20 years old when the newspaper interviewer, reported the House of Commons. In 1837 he completed the first novel "Pickwick rumor", is the first realist novel creation, and later creative talent to mature, has published "fog orphans" (1838), "old antique shop" (1850), "The Times of Hardness" (1854), "Tale of Two Cities" (1859) "Great Expectations" (1861), 1870 June 9 died in Rochester near the Gates Villa. Dickens especially paid attention to describing the life of the "little people" living in the bottom of the British society, and profoundly reflected the complex social reality of Britain at that time, and made outstanding contributions to the development and development of British critical realist literature. His works have had a profound impact on the development of English literature. 查尔斯狄更斯人物经历 On February 7, 1812, Charles Dickens was born in Portsmouth. Father John Dickens is the British Navy Quartermaster staff, mother named Elizabeth Barrow. Charles is the eldest son, sister Fanny Dickens is two years older than him. In December 1813, the family moved to Shaoxi. In 1821, Charles Dickens went to William Giles to do the school to study, writing the tragedy "Indian monarch Misner". On February 20, 1824, John Dickens was arrested on charges of debt, in the Marshall West debtor prison. A few weeks later his wife Elizabeth and young children also moved into them. Previously, Charles Dickens was on February 9 into the Warren black shoe oil workshop as a child worker, so there is no family with the prison, alone in a friend home to spend the night. On May 28, John Dickens was released and the whole family lived in Johnson Street in Sommers Town. Then Charles Dickens left the workshop. In 1825, Charles Dickens entered the Wellington House School. In 1826, John Dickens was sent by the British news agency to the parliament as an interviewer. The family was expelled for rent. Charles Dickens was forced to drop out of school, successively in the Ellis and Blackman law firm and Charles Molloy law firm as apprentice. In 1829, Charles Dickens Society shorthand, into the London Civil Lawyers Court, as the trial stenographer. In May 1830, he fell in love with the banker's daughter Maria Bieder Nair. In 1831, Charles Dickens served as a journalist of the Parliament Mirror, edited by his uncle, J. M. Barrow. In 1832, Charles Dickens served as a reporter for the "true" newspaper. His work was quite successful at the same time, and his dramatic genius was discovered by the Covington Court, the theater intends to hire him, and has informed him to audition, but a disease to prevent him as an actor's future. In 1833, Charles Dickens and his brothers and sisters lived in Bundink Street, where he often held amateur theater performances at home. He pleaded with Maria Biederner and was rejected. Creation of the first short story "Mr. Mins and his cousin" (post-income "Bozite set") to send "monthly magazine", immediately adopted, was greatly encouraged. In 1834, Charles Dickens served as a journalist. In August, he met the "Chronicle" editor George Hogarth daughter Catherine Hogarth. His short stories, close-up and essays on the "Boz" pen name, one after another in the "magazine", "Bell Weekly" and "Morning News" published. He began to live independently at the Fernivals hotel. In 1835, Charles Dickens was engaged with Catherine Hoghes. His stories, close-ups and essays continue to be published in the Monthly Magazine, The Chronicle, and Bell's Life in London. 1836, February 8, "Bozite set" first series published. March 31, the first novel "Pickwick rumor" by Chapman and Hall Press began monthly by section published (20 months out). On April 2, Charles Dickens married Catherine Hoggas at St. Louis' s church in Chelsea and immediately went to Kent honeymoon. 9 - 12 months, the drama "strange gentleman" and "Qiao village" in the St. James Theater staged. In December, he became acquainted with John Foster, who became his lifelong friend and biographer (three volumes of The Dickens Biography) published in 1872-1874). December 17, "Bozite set" second series published. January 1, 1837, Charles Dickens editor of the monthly magazine "Bentley magazine" first issue. The second issue of the journal serialized his "Oliver Te West" (24 months finished). On January 6th, Charles Dickens's first child (Charles) was born. March, the play "Is she his wife?" Staged at the St. James Theater. In July, the first visit to Europe. November 17, "Pickwick rumor" single book published. 1838 January and February, accompanied by H. K. Brown interviewed Yorkshire school. The second child (Mary) was born. On March 31, we began to publish "Nicholas Nickel Bay" (20 months out). November 9, "Oliver Te West" (fog orphans) published a single book. January 31, 1839, resigned from the "Bentley magazine" editor in chief. The third child (Kate) was born. On October 23rd, "Nicholas Nickel" was published separately. April 4, 1840, editor of the literary weekly "Humphrey master of the bell" first issue. April 25, "old antique shop" in the weekly sub-series (40 weeks finished). In October, "Humphrey Master's Bell" was published in the first volume. In 1841, the fourth child (Walter) was born. February 13, "Barnaby Rach" in the "Humphrey Master's Bell" weekly on the serial (42 weeks finished). April, December, "Humphrey master of the bell" single book second volume, third volume published. December 5, "old antique shop", "Barnaby Rach" single book published. From January to June 1842, his wife visited the United States. 10 - 11 months, accompanied by Foster and other visits to Cornwall. October 19, "travel beauty notes" published. On December 31, Martin Jussewell Witt began to be published monthly by Chapman and Hall Publishing (20 months out). October 5, 1843, hosted the opening ceremony of the Manchester Literary Association. December 19, "Christmas carol" (post-income "Christmas story set") published. In 1844, the fifth child (Francis) was born. With Chapman and Hall Press, the book was revised by Bradbury and Evans Press. In July, "Martin Jussewell Witt" published a single book. July 16, to live in Genoa, Italy. November 30 to December 8, back to London to read the "church bells" to friends. December 16, "Church Bell" (post-income "Christmas Stories") published. In 1845, his wife visited Naples. In September, amateur performance Ben Jiong's drama "Everyone is happy". The sixth child (Alfred) was born. December 20, "Fireside Cricket" (post-income "Christmas Stories") published. January 21, 1846 to February 9, editor of "Daily News". May 18, "Italian style" published. June 11 to November 16, to live in Lausanne, Switzerland, after going to Paris. September 30, "Dong Bei father and son" began month by month published (20 months out). December 19 "Battle of Life" (post-income "Christmas Stories") published. February 28, 1847, returned from Paris to London. The seventh child (Sidney) was born. In April 1848, "Dong Bei father and son" published a single book. May-July, amateur directors and performances in London and outside. December 19, "the devil man" (after the income "Christmas story set") published. In 1849, the eighth child (Henry) was born. On April 30, "David Copperfield" began to be published month by month (20 months out). The ninth child (Dora) was born in 1850. And Bewei Li Dayton to create a literary association. March 30, editor of literary weekly Since January 1851, "Children's British History" began in the "homely" weekly serial. Held amateur theater performances at Lucken Mumburg. April 14, daughter Dora died. In 1852, the tenth child (Edward) was born. In the north show Bu Wei a Li Dayton drama. In October, go to the French Poloni holiday. "Desolate Villa" began to be published month by month (20 months out). "Christmas story set" single book published. In 1853, living in the French Poloni. Chicken Wilke Collins Tour Switzerland. In September, "desolate Villa" single book published. On December 27th, in Birmingham for the first time held a public recitation performance, recitation "Christmas carol". In 1854, in January, visit Lancashire Preston. Summer to France Poloni. April 1 to August 12, "difficult times" in the "homely" on the serial, the same year out of the book. In February 1855, with Maria Biederner reunion, then she has become a wife of Wende. In June, he directed and performed Collins' "Lighthouse". Participate in the Administrative Reform Association. In October, the family went to Paris to live. December 1, "small Du Li" began month by month published (20 months out of Qi). In March 1856, buy the village of Gates. April, back to the UK. In January 1857, director and performance of the drama of Collins "deep ice." Andersen visits Gates to visit Dickens. Playing in Manchester with the actress Ellen Ternan and his mother, his sister get to know. "Little Du Li" single book published. In October, the two lazy apprenticeships, co-authored with Collins, were published in "homely". April 29, 1858 to July 22, held in London business recitation performance. May, separated from his wife Catherine, the community have talked about. June 12, in the "homely" published on their own family disputes statement. August 2 to November 13, held in England, Scotland and Ireland throughout the first tour recitation performance. April 30, 1859, Dickens editor of the literary weekly "year round" the first issue, the first issue of serial number "Tale of Two Cities", to November 26 end. In the same year, May 28, "homely" the last issue of the publication. In October, a second tour recitation was held. In 1860, the second woman Kate Dickens married Charles Collins (Wilji's brother). Charles Dickens settled in Gates Villa. January 28, "non-travel salesman notes" began in the "four seasons" on the serial. December 1, "great future" began in the "year round" on the serial. 1861, March-April, held in London recitation performance. August, "lofty future" single book published. "Non Travel Traveler Notes" is published separately. October to January the following year, to the field held recitation performances. 1862, March-June, held in London recitation performance. In January 1863, the British Embassy in Paris held a recital performance for charity purposes. On May 1, 1864, "our common friends" began to be published month by month (20 months out). June 9, 1865, and Alan Ternan travel by train in Kent, Sri Lanka, a car accident. In November, "our common friend" is published separately. December, "Non Travel Travelers Notes" second edition published. 1866 April-June, held in London and abroad recitation performance. From January to May in 1867, recitation performances were held in England and Ireland. In November, went to the United States to carry out recitation performances. The last Christmas story "This road is not available" (with Collins) in the "year round" published. On April 22, 1868, the United States returned to England. October, held a farewell recitation performance. January 5, 1869, recitation performance "Oliver Te West" in the "Sikes Khan Nancy" chapter. April 22, due to health reasons to suspend recitation performance. In 1870 January, held in London 12 farewell recitation performances. March 9, received by the Queen Victoria. April 1, "Druid's mystery" began to sub-published (plan divided into 12, died only completed 6). June 9, suffering from cerebral hemorrhage died in the Gates Villa. After his death he was buried at the Cape of the Westminster, and his tombstone wrote: "He is a poor, suffering and sympathetic to the oppressed people; his death has left the world a great British writer." 查尔斯狄更斯个人生活 Dickens 18 years old that year in the family between the small theater troupe met Maria Pittel. Maria is the daughter of a small banker, much better than the poor family Dickens. Her parents strongly disagreed with the exchanges between them, combined with Maria is not a serious woman to treat life, since the two sides feel that each other's love of Dickens summon the courage to talk to Maria after the love suffered a cold refused. The experience of Dickens in the mind carved a deep imprint, so that he contemptuous reality of women and love fantasy ideal women. In the "Pickwick rumor" published during the period, Dickens and Catherine Hodges love, and married on April 2, 1836. Although this marriage healed his injury in his first love, but did not bring happiness to Dickens. On the one hand from their husband and wife in the mind, character, interest on the very different; the other hand with Dickens look forward to the ideal of women, that the reality can not find such a lovely, faithful woman. Dickens and Catherine's marriage began to fall into a painful situation, but he and Catherine's sister was exceptionally well. After his marriage with Catherine, 16-year-old Mary (Catherine has two sisters, Mary ranked third) often come home to the guest, which makes him have enough chance to get along with Mary. Some people say that Dickens loved the original is Mary, although this is not conclusive evidence, but Mary in the eyes of Dickens is indeed the embodiment of the ideal woman. Novel "old antique shop" in the Nile is the shape of the shape of Mary. In May 1837, Mary suddenly died, which makes Dickens very sad. In a few weeks time Dickens can not cheer up to work. A few years later recalled the scene, he wrote: "After her death, for several months - I remember half a year - I have a night with a quiet happy dream of her, it is so happy, So that I did not expect her to come back with this image or the image without going to sleep overnight. In the year of Dickens's death, he was more fond of Mary's thoughts. He said: "She always so deeply in my thoughts ... and even her memories become an important part of my survival, such as my heart beating with my survival can not be separated. In 1858, Dickens and Catherine officially separated.
英文：一篇关于查理．狄更斯的生平简介
Dickens, Charles (John Huffam) (born Feb. 7, 1812, Portsmouth, Hampshire, Eng.-died June 9, 1870, Gad's Hill, near Chatham, Kent) British novelist, generally considered the greatest of the Victorian period. The defining moment of Dickens's life occurred when he was 12 years old. With his father in debtors' prison, he was withdrawn from school and forced to work in a factory. This deeply affected the sensitive boy. Though he returned to school at 13, his formal education ended at 15. As a young man, he worked as a reporter. His fiction career began with short pieces reprinted as Sketches by “Boz” (1836). He exhibited a great ability to spin a story in an entertaining manner and this quality, combined with the serialization of his comic novel The Pickwick Papers (1837), made him the most popular English author of his time. The serialization of such works as Oliver Twist (1838) and The Old Curiosity Shop (1841) followed. After a trip to America, he wrote A Christmas Carol (1843) in a few weeks. With Dombey and Son (1848), his novels began to express a heightened uneasiness about the evils of Victorian industrial society, which intensified in the semiautobiographical David Copperfield (1850), as well as in Bleak House (1853), Little Dorrit (1857), Great Expectations (1861), and others. A Tale of Two Cities (1859) appeared in the period when he achieved great popularity for his public readings. Dickens's works are characterized by an encyclopaedic knowledge of London, pathos, a vein of the macabre, a pervasive spirit of benevolence and geniality, inexhaustible powers of character creation, an acute ear for characteristic speech, and a highly individual and inventive prose style. 满意请采纳
Charles Dickens,one of the
6-10 f t t f t
Charles Dickens, one of the greatest English writers, was born in 1812, in(@one of the small towns@ )of England.
When Dickens was nine years old, the family moved to London, the capital of England. There were a few younger children in the family. Their life was poor, so Dickens could not go to school.
(@ Only until his father was out of prison(监狱), could Charles go to school@).
At that time he was twelve years old. But he did not finish school.(@Two years later@) he began to work. (@He often went to the library to read books@). He read a lot. Then Dickens wrote lots of novels(小说) and stories all his life. Dickens died over a hundred years ago, (@but people are still reading his book@)
(@@)为原文中问题答案
Charles Dickens, one of the greatest English writers, was bo
【答案】TFTFT
【答案解析】【小题1】根据Charles
Dickens,
one
of
the
greatest
English
writers,可知本句表述正确【小题2】根据When
Charles
went
to
school,
he
was
already
twelve
years
old.可知他很大了才去学校，故本句表述错误。【小题3】根据he
was
already
twelve
years
old.
But
he
didn’t
finish
school
Two
years
later
he
began
to
work.可知本句表述正确。【小题4】根据The
future
Writer
often
went
to
the
library
to
read
books.可知本句表述错误【小题5】根据but
people
are
still
reading
his
books
with
great
interest.可知人们现在还还是很喜欢他写的书，故本句表述正确
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